Unlike many other educational systems at the tertiary level, study at German universities is not based on a tripartite structure (eg, B.A. or B.Sc.; then M.A. or M.Sc.; then Ph.D.).A period of basic or junior studies (at least 4 semesters) is normally completed with a so-called intermediate exam (a non-degree exam) and is followed by a phase of advanced or senior studies (at least 6 - 8 semesters). After these advanced studies, students then take their first degree examination in the form of their first state or university examinations. The next level of studies leads directly to the 揚…

与许多其他高等教育体系不同，德国大学的学习并非基于三部分结构(例如，B.A.或 B.Sc;然后是 M.A.或 M.Sc.;然后是博士)。基础或初级学习期(至少 4 学期)通常通过所谓的中级考试(非学位考试)完成，随后进入高级或高级学习阶段(至少 6 至 8 个学期)。完成这些高级学习后，学生将参加他们的第一个学位考试，即他们的第一个州或大学考试。下一阶段的学习直接通向扬…

romotion?(doctorate). There are only few possiblities for non-doctoral studies after the first degree, such as German as a Foreign Language as an extension of a first degree in German Language and Literature; Informatics as an extension of a first degree, mag. iuris as extension of law studies completed outside of Germany)Foreign applicants can be accepted as doctoral candidates only if the university degree(s) which they have obtained outside Germany can be judged as equivalent to a German academic qualification. This equivalence is determined by the “Promotionsausschuss” (Doctoral Committee of a faculty) upon application for admission.In order to begin your doctoral studies you need to find a professor at Justus Liebig University who represents your subject area and who is willing to become your official supervisor (you will need to present proof of this upon enrolment). The preparation of a doctorate in Germany normally involves the independent preparation of a substantial piece of written research (the dissertation; preparation time 2 to 4 years), and a subsequent oral examination or ‘defense’ of the dissertation. Coursework and involvement in formal study programs with class examinations are not normally required, but you are allowed to attend courses if you wish.If your non-German university qualification is not accepted as an equivalent first degree, then the only possibility open to you is to continue your previous course of study at the upper level of the appropriate non-doctoral degree program before going for a doctorate ?here problems may arise if the subject of your choice is subject to restriction regarding student numbers.Currently there are about 20,000 students enrolled at Justus Liebig University Giessen, including about 1,700 international students. The 11 departments offer about 150 different courses of study.

博士学位?非博士学位课程在获得首个学位后选择余地有限，例如：德语作为外语专业(作为德语语言文学本科学位的延伸);计算机科学专业(作为本科阶段的延伸);法学硕士学位(作为在德国境外完成的法学研究的延伸)。外国申请者仅在所获国外大学学位经认定等同于德国学术资格时，方可被录取为博士候选人。此等效性由院系博士委员会(Promotionsausschuss)在入学申请时进行判定。开始博士学习前，您需在尤斯图斯-利比希大学找到一位与您研究领域匹配且愿意担任正式导师的教授(注册时需提交证明材料)。德国博士培养通常包括独立完成篇幅较大的书面研究成果(即博士论文，准备周期为2至4年)，以及后续的论文答辩环节。通常无需修读课程或参与含课堂考试的正式学习项目，但可根据个人意愿选修课程。若您的非德国大学学历未被认可为同等本科学位，则唯一途径是继续攻读原专业的高级阶段课程。